Timeline  /  Watchmaking comes to Glashütte
1845

Watchmaking comes to Glashütte

Moment

On 7 December 1845 Ferdinand Adolph Lange took on fifteen apprentices in Glashütte with a loan from the Saxon state, and a worked-out mining town became the centre of German watchmaking.

The Lange Stammhaus, a three-storey nineteenth-century building in Glashütte
The Lange Stammhaus on Ferdinand-Adolph-Lange-Platz in Glashütte, built in 1873, where the firm worked until it was expropriated in 1948 and again from its return in the 1990s.Photograph: SchiDD, CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons
The need
Glashütte’s silver mines were exhausted and the town was poor; the Saxon government wanted an industry for the Erzgebirge, and Lange wanted to make watches on a system, not one at a time.
Made by
Ferdinand Adolph Lange, with his partner Adolf Schneider; the state lent about 6,700 thalers for tools and training.
What was new
Watchmaking organised as a chain of specialist trades, each in its own home workshop, with Lange building the tools, training the workers and measuring every part in millimetres instead of the Paris ligne. The three-quarter plate, settled about 1864, became the Glashütte signature.
Worth knowing
The apprentices were mostly straw-plaiters. Lange was mayor of the town for nearly twenty years, and his sons made the firm A. Lange & Söhne in 1868. The Soviet administration expropriated it in 1948; Walter Lange re-registered it on the same date, 7 December, in 1990.
Where it is now
Glashütte, Saxony: A. Lange & Söhne, Glashütte Original, NOMOS and others, and the Deutsches Uhrenmuseum in the old watchmaking school.

Historian’s note“The first German watch factory” is a later phrase; the Neue Deutsche Biographie stresses that Lange ran a system of home workshops, not a factory. The loan is variously given as 5,580 thalers plus a 1,120-thaler subsidy, 6,700 in all, or 7,820, which double-counts. See the page on Ferdinand Adolph Lange.

SourcesNeue Deutsche Biographie · Saxon State Archives · glashuetteuhren.de

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